1: Impose term limits on all politicians, to ensure that we don't get career politicians. Maybe 6 or 8 years or so. Enough time to learn the job but not enough time to become beholden to it.
2: True campaign finance reform:
a) Limits (that are actually adhered to) on all campaign donations - private and corporate. No PACS, spousal co-donors and other loopholes. You can only raise "$X" from "Y # of people" - and that's it.
b) Completely equal - and 100% free - air time to all candidates. No ability to buy more ads or editorial time beyond what the FCC - which is supposed to control the "public airwaves" and not allow them to be sold to the highest bidder - grants to ALL legitimate candidates.
3: Generally less centralized government.
a) Allow the individual States to govern themselves without completely B.S. central control over things like Federal highway and school funding, inter-State commerce, etc.
b) More public influence and involvement in more local, day-to-day politics.
c) (Possibly) breaking up the United States into smaller units. Our current system was put in place when the country was a mere fraction of the size it is now. The United States is a huge nation now, with extremely disparate segments. Wildy varying geographic, cultural, economic, meterological, etc., etc., segments all supposed to get along and engage in mutual government. It's almost (?) impossible to make this many different people with such different experiences and lifestyles and beliefs agree on anything, much less something as fundamental as the direction of the Country.
Those are some ideas ( that will NEVER come to fruition, BTW) but, I don't claim to know what the solution is.
Not by a long shot.
Knife,
You make some good points. However, as far as term limits go, that is controlled by the voters. A bad politician is bad no matter how many years he or she holds office. Intelligent voters are the best controllers of term limits.
How about limiting the length of campaigning to 2 months before an election. Certainly any candidate can make his or her point in 60 days.
If there are "debates", allow all candidates to participate.
Obviously change the tax system to a consumption tax rather than one which taxes production and more importantly, do not allow the government to operate outside of its available money.
I would suggest time limits on legislation (20 years comes to mind). If a law or program is good, let the next generation vote to continue it, if it is bad, let them modify it or let it die.
There are legitimate functions of government and the US government has gone way beyond their real function. While some may consider it progress, it is really at the cost of precious freedom.