As for balanced and unbalanced, here are some general guidelines. I assume pin 2 is hot, pin 3 is cold, and pin 1 is ground on a balanced XLR. For balanced TRS, tip is hot, ring is cold, and sleeve is ground.
Unbal line -> bal input
You can feed unbalanced into balanced, but it's good practice to ground pin 3 (cold). This is done automatically when you plug an unbal 1/4" TS cable into a bal TRS input jack. Leaving the cold ungrounded will not cause damage to the input, though you might get a little noise. If it sounds OK, there's no problem. The resulting signal level will always be 6dB less than if you had fed in a balanced signal.
Bal out -> unbal line
This is the one to be careful with. The balanced output usually has two line drivers (or a transformer), driving the hot and cold lines 180 degrees out of phase.
First, let's consider an unbalanced XLR cable with pin 3 (cold) left open. This will work for all systems EXCEPT transformer-balanced. For transformer outputs, you MUST ground pin 3. Failing to do so will result in weak, possibly distorted sound (but no damage). For solid-state outputs, however, you DO want to leave pin 3 floating, rather than short its signal to ground. Shorting pin 3 to ground on a solid-state output *usually* will not cause damage to the output, but it isn't recommended.
Plugging in a TS plug to a balanced TRS output will automatically short cold (ring) to ground. The above rules apply about shorting cold to ground.
You might consider making a few balanced-unbalanced conversion cables in various combinations, BUT remember to carefully mark them so you don't use them in the wrong application.
One neat application of bal out->unbal line is to get a phase (polarity) inversion. Just take the cold output instead of the hot, and your resulting signal is phase-flipped. Here again, you can make a special patch cable to do this.
I have several such patches: XLRM-XLRM, XLRF-XLRF, XLR phase flip, XLRM-TRS balanced, XLRM-TRS unbalanced cold.